In the rugged terrain of the Western Cape Mountains, a unique and daring form of environmental conservation is making a significant impact on the invasive species threatening the biodiversity of the region. Known as “Helihacking,” this innovative approach combines aviation expertise in our Bell 407 helicopter, with expert mountaineering to combat the proliferation of invasive alien vegetation. 

This blog will delve into the details of helihacking—what it is, how it operates, and the specialised expertise and equipment required for its success. We will also unpack how we, at MCC, have had a hand in this conservation effort and how we plan to assist in the upcoming future. Let’s take a look.

What is Helihacking?

Helihacking is an advanced method of clearing invasive alien plant species from inaccessible and often treacherous mountain areas. Unlike conventional ground-based methods, helihacking employs helicopters to transport skilled volunteer climbers and their equipment to remote locations. These climbers, equipped with chainsaws, then fell invasive trees, which might otherwise be unreachable due to the challenging terrain.

The project primarily targets two invasive species in the Western Cape: Silky Hakea (Hakea sericea) and Pines (Pinus pinaster). These species pose a severe threat to local biodiversity and water resources. By removing these invasive plants, helihacking helps restore natural ecosystems and improve water yield in critical catchment areas.

How Does Helihacking Work?

1. Planning and Logistics: The process begins with meticulous planning. Conservationists identify areas where invasive species are most problematic, often in steep and rocky environments where traditional access methods are impractical. Weather conditions, terrain, and the presence of sensitive flora and fauna are all considered to ensure a successful operation.
2. Deployment: On the operational days, helicopters are used to transport volunteer climbers and their equipment into these remote areas. Initially, various methods were tested to deploy personnel, including using skid landing techniques. However, the most effective method involved using a strop to lower climbers and equipment directly onto steep terrain.
3. Tree Felling: Once on site, the climbers—who are both experienced rock climbers and chainsaw operators—proceed to cut down the invasive trees. The process involves careful handling to ensure safety and efficiency. Chainsaws are used to fell the trees, which are then left to decompose on site.
4. Safety Measures: Given the high-risk nature of the operation, safety is paramount. The team undergoes thorough briefings, and the helicopters are piloted by experts trained in high-altitude flying. Climbers are equipped with safety gear and follow strict protocols to prevent accidents. The helicopter itself is fitted with an Onboard Systems developed Human External Cargo (HEC) dual hook kits for the Bell 407 aircraft which greatly increase load security by using a hydraulically activated release mechanism instead of a traditional manual release cable. These kits have been certified for a variety of external load missions, including HEC, high-value cargo transport, utility line work, short haul, and search & rescue.

Expertise and Equipment Needed

Expertise:

• Rock Climbers: The volunteers are not just climbers but also trained in chainsaw operations. This dual skill set is essential for navigating the steep, unstable terrain while handling heavy machinery.
• Pilots: Skilled pilots are crucial for the safe and precise deployment and retrieval of personnel and equipment. They must be adept at flying in challenging conditions and managing the logistics of aerial operations in challenging mountainous areas.

Equipment:

• Helicopters: Various models, including the Bell 407 and Airbus H125 have been used. These helicopters are equipped for carrying both people and equipment and are essential for accessing remote areas.
• Chainsaws: High-performance chainsaws are necessary for efficiently cutting down large trees. The project utilises models like the Husqvarna 346 and Stihl 250.
• Safety Gear: Comprehensive safety equipment, including harnesses, ropes, and helmets, ensures the protection of climbers during their operations.

Impact and Outcomes

Since its inception in 2014, the Helihack project has successfully removed thousands of invasive trees, including over 2,000 pines in two major operations. This work has been instrumental in restoring biodiversity and improving water yields in the Western Cape’s Strategic Water Source Areas (SWSAs). The project also raises awareness about the ecological threats posed by invasive species and demonstrates the effectiveness of combining specialised skills with innovative techniques in conservation.

The Bottom Line 

Helihacking represents a groundbreaking approach to environmental management, blending mountaineering expertise with advanced aerial logistics to tackle the challenge of invasive species. As the project continues to evolve, it serves as a model for similar conservation efforts around the world, showcasing how collaboration and innovation can drive impactful environmental stewardship. We at MCC Aviation are proud to be a part of this initiative and look forward to being a part of it, and several like it in the future.